2018 Government WAEC SSCE (School Candidates) May/June

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Government 1 - Objective

A government performs the following functions except
1. safeguarding life and property
2. maintaining law and order
3. providing all the needs of its citizens
4. providing basic welfare needs
The basic purpose of setting up a state is to
1. maintain law and order
2. protect foreign interest
3. promote development
4. provide social facilities
A political system in which government controls every aspect of a citizen’s life is
1. feudalism
2. monarchy
3. democracy
4. totalitarianism
A political system in which the state owns and controls the major means of production is known as
1. feudalism
2. socialism
3. fascism
4. capitalism
Communist governments aim at distributing goods and services according to
1. gender and class
2. loyalty to the party
3. need and ability
4. work and residence
The theory of separation of power is associated with
1. Jean Bodin
2. Baron de Montesquicue
3. A.V. Dicey
4. J.J. Rousseau
The process of taking part in the selection of Leaders in a country is political
1. socialization
2. participation
3. interaction
4. culture
By comparison, a state is
1. less permanent than a government
2. more permanent than a government
3. more changeable than a government
4. equally permanent with a government
In modern democracies, a government
1. a contract between rulers and the ruled
2. a preserve of the political party in power
3. monopoly of the ethnic groups in the majority
4. alternation of power between the majority and minority tribes
Rule of law can be limited by
1. power
2. state of emergency
3. legitimacy
4. checks and balances
The principle of separation of powers becomes meaningful when it is linked with the concept of
1. the certainty of the law
2. checks and balances
3. legality of the law
4. judicial independence
Which of the following factors does not militate against representative government in West Africa?
1. Electoral irregularities
2. coup d etat
3. Gagged media
4. Universal adult suffrage
Those who believe in democracy and good governance are opposed to a single party system because it
1. Encourages weak leadership
2. does not ensure national unity
3. curtails personal liberty
4. encourages divisiveness
The fundamental law of a country refers to its
1. acts of parliament
2. conventions
3. constitution
4. judicial precedence
A country’s constitution could be derived from the following sources except
1. judicial precedents
2. customary sources
3. statutory sources
4. party manifesto
Planning and formulation of government policies are first initiated at
1. cabinet meetings
2. media houses
3. political rallies
4. open forum
Which of the following is the primary function of parliament
1. impeachment of the president
2. making of laws
3. ratifying international treaties
4. Acting as an electoral college
Judicial review is a mechanism for checking
1. arbitrary use of power
2. irresponsible journalism
3. electoral malpractices
4. military adventures
In a parliamentary system of government, the legislature and executive are fused to ensure
1. supremacy of the ruling party in administering the state
2. smoothness in the administration of the state
3. the constitution is read in the parliament at all times
4. the judiciary consults parliament before ruling on cases
A country with homogeneous societies and a small population is suitable for the establishment of
1. a nation state
2. a unitary state
3. a federal state
4. an autonomous state
Which of the following factors usually leads to the collapse of a confederal state?
1. a weak central government
2. absence of a confederal parliament
3. ill-equipped armed forces
4. absence of a ceremonial head of state
In the presidential system of government, the chief executive is responsible to the
1. Judiciary
2. monarch
3. electorate
4. senate
Which of the following alternatives is a feature of a federation?
1. unwritten constitution
2. unicameral legislature
3. supremacy of the constitution
4. right to secede
A federal government is a form of
1. decentralization
2. centralization
3. confederation
4. revolution
To preserve individual liberties, the judiciary should
1. consist of honest and impartial judges
2. be appointed by the executive
3. be prosecuted for judgement against the executive
4. participate in partisan politics
Citizens can seek redress against injustice from the state through the
1. ombudsman
2. head of civil service
3. civil service commission
4. titular executive
Which of these is not a source of revenue for political parties?
1. dues
2. grants
3. tolls
4. donations
Which of these functions is performed by both political parties and pressure groups?
1. interest aggregation and articulation
2. source of mediation in a state
3. provision of specialized information
4. seeking to manage affairs of a state
Pressure groups seek to influence the polices of government
1. to the advantage of their members
2. so that all citizens can benefit
3. to suit the manifestoes of political parties
4. to conform with electoral act
Which of the following agencies helps the most in shaping public opinion?
1. pressure groups
2. mass media
3. colleges and universities
4. peer groups
Public opinion can be measured through all of the following expect the
1. imposition of laws without any debates
2. conduct of opinion
3. general views expressed in the mass media
4. holding of referendum in a state
On which of the following grounds can a citizen abstain from voting?
1. Religion
2. Education
3. Wealth
4. Status
An electoral system which allows party members to elect candidates for elective office is called
1. general election
2. by election
3. direct election
4. primary election
Indirect election is best described as
1. only women electing legislators
2. the citizenry electing legislators
3. electoral college electing legislators
4. only adults electing legislators
The class that controls and supervises the activities of the executive class in the civil service is
1. clerical class
2. manipulative class
3. professional class
4. administrative class
The agency responsible for investigating allegation of maladministration and punishing offending career officers in the executive is the
1. Federal Character Commission
2. Ethics Commission
3. Judicial Commission
4. Public/Civil Service Commission
The anonymity of civil servants means that they should not be
1. prosecuted for any professional misconduct
2. disciplined because of their expertise
3. above the law of the land
4. praised or blamed publicly
The following were limitations imposed on traditional rulers under colonial rule except they
1. were not permitted to raise armed forces
2. had no power to impose taxes
3. had no power to install or depose a chief
4. were no longer spiritual heads of the people
A system of administration which allowed traditional rulers to rule their people under the supervision of the British officials in West Africa is
1. divide and rule
2. colonialism
3. indirect rule
4. assimilation
One reason for the adoption of indirect rule in British West Africa was
1. availability of British officials
2. to ensure justice
3. inadequate finance
4. to assimilate the indigenes
Local government is established in order to
1. bring government nearer to the people
2. build churches and mosques
3. curb corruption in the society
4. promote political apathy
Which of the following policies replaced assimilation?
1. indigenat
2. Loi Cadre
3. Association
4. Indirect rule
Which of the following is a reason for the failure of the assimilation policy in French West Africa?
1. the change in name of their culture
2. the refusal of the Africans to be culturally colonized
3. the democratic policy of the French
4. Bribery of the opinion leaders by the French
Nationalism prior to the Second World War was led by
1. educated elite and chiefs
2. chiefs and the elders
3. aggrieved cocoa farmers
4. African merchants
Which of the following is not a factor leading to military intervention in West African states?
1. Excessive control of public enterprises
2. Falsification of election results
3. Mismanagement of the country’s economy
4. Corruption in high places
One of the problems of military ad ministration in West Africa is that soldiers
1. are representatives of the people
2. lack discipline
3. are not well organized
4. are not trained for governance
Foreign policy of a country could be influenced by
1. personality of political leader
2. number of schools in a country
3. number of ministers in a country
4. national election
In order to promote democracy and good governance, the Commonwealth of Nations
1. prosecutes leaders who commit atrocities at the international Criminal Court
2. organizes seminars and training programs on technical assistance to members
3. sanctions members who do not pay their dues
Which of the following is not a problem faced by the Economic Community Of West African States (ECOWAS)
1. financial security
2. political instability
3. larger market
4. colonial heritage
The United Nations Organization (UNO) is primarily regarded as successful because
1. its membership continues to increase
2. of its control of another World War
3. all member countries have veto power
4. more member countries

Government 2 - Essay

Section A: Elements of Government

Answer two question only from this section.

1. Define Society
2. Identify four features of a society.
1. What is communalism?
2. State four differences between feudalism and communalism
1. Highlight three methods of acquiring citizenship.
2. Outline two conditions an alien must satisfy before becoming 4 citizen of another country.
1. Define opinion poll
2. State any four factors that make the conduct of opinion poll unreliable in West Africa.
1. Define a constituency
2. Highlight any fur merits of the single member constituency

Section B: Political and Constitutional Development In West Africa and International Relations

Answer two questions only from this section.

Highlight five features of the Hausa/ Fulani pre-colonial political system in Nigeria
1. What is proto nationalism?
2. Identify four features of proto nationalism
Highlight five functions of the President in the 1989 Constitution of Nigeria
What mechanisms should be put in place to forestall military intervention in politics?
State five obstacles to the implementation of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) aims and objectives.